Recent advancements in satellite technology have propelled space-based networking and computing into the forefront of next-generation connectivity and computation paradigms. The growing deployment of LEO constellations by companies such as SpaceX, OneWeb, and Amazon has enabled global broadband coverage, supporting applications such as emergency communications, remote connectivity, and IoT services. Simultaneously, satellites with computational capabilities present new possibilities for in-orbit data processing, hyperspectral imaging, and AI-driven applications. However, despite these technological advances, significant challenges remain in integrating satellite networks with terrestrial infrastructure, ensuring interoperability across different providers, and addressing sustainability concerns. This Dagstuhl Seminar will bring key stakeholders from academia, industry, and regulatory bodies to explore pressing challenges and opportunities in satellite networking and computing.