This NanoSpace Training School on Advanced Characterization of Carbon Materials is organized by the COST Action NanoSpace (CA21126). The COST NanoSpace Advanced Characterization of Carbon Materials Training School aims to provide a broad and comprehensive overview of these (nano)materials, offering a scientific foundation to understand the behavior of the materials and the experimental and theoretical characterization techniques, as well as their potential applications in astrochemistry. The science of (nano-)carbon materials (nanotubes, graphene, nanodiamonds, fullerenes, nanoporous structures, cyclic nanotube rings (CPPs), and ribbons) has recently seen significant advances. A critical aspect is to have access to their atomic structure, and composition, as well as their physical and chemical properties. The Winter School in Benasque (Aragon, Spain) will offer specialized knowledge to COST NanoSpace participants (mainly PhD students, and young researchers), systematically addressing the description of (nano)materials and the principal and advanced methods and techniques for their characterization and study, with a special emphasis on their potential applications in astrochemistry.