A cell’s hereditary material is comprised of nucleic acids, which allows living organisms to pass on the genetic information from one generation to next. The Nucleotides in both DNA and RNA are comprised up of a sugar, a nitrogen base, and a phosphate molecule. Nucleic acids are long chains of nucleotides joined together by phosphodiester bonds. Nucleic acids comprised of: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA and RNA having slight difference in their chemical composition, yet play importantly different biological roles. In the proposed Nucleic Acids 2024, we will bring together various eminent researchers working on molecular biology (Nucleic Acids) to learn and share the latest advancements in the field of cutting-edge applications in biology, functional nucleic acids, basic principles, human health, and its related diseases. It is a broad audience gathering for exploring the advancement in RNA, Genome Dynamics, DNA damage and repair, maintenance and replication, structure and structure-function studies of nucleic acids and protein, innovative techniques at molecular and chemical level, and current aspects of CRISPR etc. which focus on its research and wider applications.